Challenge Link: https://app.letsdefend.io/challenge/investigate-web-attack
Challenge File: /root/Desktop/ChallengeFile/access.log
Question 1
Which automated scan tool did attacker use for web reconnaissance?
The file for this challenge was an access.log file full of network events. I scanned through this file in the text editor, paying attention to the user-agent section of the logs. Here I found several references to Nikto which can be used to scan networks.
Answer:
Nikto
Question 2
After web reconnaissance activity, which technique did attacker use for directory listing discovery?
I had to scroll down a long ways to stop seeing references to Nikto. Then I started noticing it brute-forcing common files and directories in this /bwapp/ directory.
Answer:
directory brute force
Question 3
What is the third attack type after directory listing discovery?
After running through possible directories, it seemed the attacker found a login page at /bWAPP/login.php. I could see them attempting the login several different times in rapid succession indicating a brute force attack.
Answer:
brute force
Question 4
Is the third attack successful?
It appears the third attack was successful because eventually the logs go from accessing /bWAPP/login.php to seeing /bWAPP/portal.php, indicating a successful login.
Answer:
Yes
Question 5
What is the name of fourth attack?
Further down in the logs I saw that the attacker discovered the /bWAPP/phpi.php page had a variable called message that accepted input through the GET request: /bWAPP/phpi.php?message=
This indicated the attacker discovered a way to inject code to the PHP webpage.
Answer:
code injection
Question 6
What is the first payload for 4th attack?
The first payload attempted after running a test was whoami.
Answer:
whoami
Question 7
Is there any persistency clue for the victim machine in the log file ? If yes, what is the related payload?
After the whoami, the attacker sent another payload.
When I ran this through CyberChef for URL Decode I got this:
It looks like the attacker tried to add a user to the system, likely an attempt at persistence.
Answer:
%27net%20user%20hacker%20Asd123!!%20/add%27